Critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, and rare earth elements have become indispensable to the modern world. They are the backbone of electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, digital infrastructure, and advanced manufacturing. As nations accelerate their transition towards low-carbon economies, these minerals are increasingly framed as enablers of sustainability. Yet a fundamental question persists: Are we merely replacing one environmental challenge with another? As demand for critical minerals surges, concerns around land degradation, water stress, biodiversity loss,...
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A global map of critical mineral reserves tells a story fundamentally different from traditional geopolitics. Unlike oil, whose concentration in the Middle East shaped much of the 20th century’s political and economic power, critical minerals are dispersed across continents in complex, often counterintuitive patterns. Yet this apparent geographical diversity masks a deeper reality: access to minerals alone does not translate into power. Instead, control over processing, refining, technology, infrastructure, and supply chains determines who truly holds influence. As the world accelerates toward...
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India stands at a defining moment in its industrial and strategic journey. As the world accelerates toward clean energy transitions, electric mobility, advanced manufacturing, and digital infrastructure, critical minerals have emerged as the backbone of modern economies. Recognising this reality, the Government of India has launched the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM), an ambitious, future-oriented initiative designed to secure supply chains, boost domestic capability, and reduce import dependence. At the heart of this mission lies a bold target: to train and upskill 5.7 million worke...
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